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乌龙茶

部分氧化的炼金术

乌龙 — *Wū Lóng* — 介于绿茶与红茶之间,考验茶师控制氧化程度的功力,平衡花香、果香、焙火或矿物韵味。我们的选品涵盖中国最具传奇色彩的乌龙产区,从武夷岩石的峭壁,到凤凰山古老的单丛茶园,再到安溪云雾缭绕的山丘。每批均为工夫茶级别,由每年走访茶园、与归档标准比对品评的团队成员悉心寻得。

绿茶与红茶之间的风味光谱

乌龙茶 — Wū Lóng — 意为「黑龙」,这个名字暗示着其修长、卷曲的叶片以及它们所经历的转化。通过控制氧化程度(从10%到70%不等)并施加精准的焙火,同一茶树品种可以产生花香翡翠般的茶汤、蜂蜜琥珀色的茶液,或是深邃辛香、矿物感丰富的茶汤。这门艺术在于掌握杀青的时机,茶师往往须在瞬息之间做出决定。

中国主要的乌龙产区各有其标志性的风格。福建北部的武夷岩茶(rock tea)生长在岩石缝隙中,赋予其独特的矿物「岩韵」。肉桂品种带来肉桂辛香及悠长、包覆口腔的绵密口感。更往南的广东凤凰山是单丛茶树的故乡,茶叶被精制成能呈现单一花卉或水果香气 — Mí Lán Xiāng(蜜兰香)即为其中最负盛名之一。同样位于福建的安溪,是 Tiě Guān Yīn — 铁观音的发源地,这种茶可轻度氧化以展现兰花香,或以传统炭焙制成深沉温润的焦香尾韵。

高级乌龙的采摘季节范围很窄:春茶(四月下旬至五月)带来层次感与醇厚度,而秋茶往往芬芳高扬。加工过程依循萎凋、摇青使叶缘破损并触发氧化、杀青(炒青或热风)、揉捻、干燥的节奏进行。许多乌龙茶接着会进行焙火阶段,可能在数周或数月后重复进行,以激发出更深层的焦糖与辛香调性。所有我们的乌龙茶均由 Fang Ting 与 Mei Yang 盲测品评,他们每年拜访制茶者,拒绝的批量远多于接受的。

欲探索氧化与焙火程度的完整光谱,可参阅 tea.school 的乌龙大师班,或在 thetea.app 上阅读关于岩茶、单丛与铁观音的详尽剖析。

本季乌龙

三款乌龙技艺的展现:武夷 Ròu Guì 的肉桂辛香岩韵,凤凰 Mí Lán Xiāng 的甜润蜜兰芬芳,以及传统炭焙安溪 Tiě Guān Yīn — 每一款都需要工夫茶的专注,并以耐性回报。

A buyer's note

How to choose and brew oolong

水温是关键

Lighter, greener oolongs like balled Anxi tieguanyin benefit from 90–95°C water; heavily roasted or twisted yancha can take water just off the boil. Overly hot water on a delicate floral oolong scalds the leaf and flattens the aroma.

用量决定层次

Use 5–7 g of leaf per 100–120 ml vessel. A heavier leaf-to-water ratio reveals the tea’s full character across multiple infusions, especially with dancong and yancha.

多次冲泡不可少

Gongfu brewing with short steeps — 10–20 seconds, increasing gradually — unlocks the evolution of flavor. Most of our oolongs deliver 6–12 distinct infusions; some Phoenix dancongs push beyond 15.

细心存放

Keep oolong in an airtight, opaque container away from light, heat, and strong odors. Lightly oxidized tieguanyin will stay fresh for about a year; roasted teas like rou gui can age gracefully for several years if re-roasted occasionally.

了解焙火程度

Charcoal-roasted oolongs need a short rinse (flash steep) to 'wake' the leaves. The roast character will mellow over the first few infusions, giving way to the tea’s underlying floral or mineral core.

Common questions

Asked, answered.

What defines oolong tea?

Oolong is a semi-oxidized tea, typically between 10% and 70% oxidation, with leaves that are withered, bruised, fixed, rolled, and often roasted. This span creates a vast flavor spectrum from floral and creamy to dark and mineral.

How is oolong different from green or black tea?

Green tea is unoxidized and black tea is fully oxidized; oolong sits in between. The partial oxidation, combined with precise roasting, gives oolong its layered character — often with notes of orchard fruit, orchids, toasted nuts, or wet stone.

What is the best way to brew oolong?

Gongfu style with a small teapot or gaiwan and a high leaf-to-water ratio (5–7 g per 100 ml). Use short, repeated infusions of 10–30 seconds, adjusting temperature to the tea’s roast level. For guidance, tea.equipment offers starter gongfu sets.

How many times can I steep oolong leaves?

Quality oolong yields 6–12 infusions, and some Phoenix dancongs exceed 15. Each steep reveals a different facet: the opening aroma, then body, then a lingering sweet finish called *huigan*.

Should I rinse oolong leaves before brewing?

A quick flash rinse — pour hot water on the leaves and discard immediately — is common for tightly rolled or roasted oolongs. It awakens the leaf and prepares it for an even first infusion.

What does 'rock rhyme' (yan yun) mean?

*Yan yun* describes the unique mineral, mellow, and lingering aftertaste of Wuyi rock tea, attributed to the sandstone soil and mountain mists. It is a marker of authentic, well-crafted yancha.

Is oolong high in caffeine?

Caffeine content varies with oxidation and brewing method, but oolong typically falls between green and black tea. Gongfu brewing extracts caffeine efficiently in early infusions, so the experience can feel stimulating yet balanced by theanine.